Chemicals and Drugs [D] » Enzymes and Coenzymes [D08] » Cytochromes » Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
Chemicals and Drugs [D] » Enzymes and Coenzymes [D08] » Enzymes » Oxidoreductases » Oxygenases » Mixed Function Oxygenases » Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
Chemicals and Drugs [D] » Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins [D12] » Proteins » Hemeproteins » Cytochromes » Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
Description
A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism. MeSH
Hierarchy View
Subtype Terms (22)
Phase 1 Indicated Drugs (4)
Other Experimental Indicated Drugs (4)
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